The Declining Birth Rate in Egypt: Socio-economic Factors and Implications
Egypt’s Birth Rate Declines by 46% since 2017: Factors and Implications
In a recent survey conducted by the Ministry of Planning and Economic Development, Egypt’s birth rate has seen a significant decline of 46% since 2017. This revelation sheds light on various socio-economic factors impacting the country’s population growth trajectory.
Economic Pressures and Changing Social Trends
The decrease in birth rate can be attributed to reasons such as the rising cost of living and a trend towards later marriage ages. The report underscores the profound impact of economic pressures on family planning decisions. Despite this decline, Egypt’s population still managed to grow by 1.4% in 2023, albeit at a slower rate compared to previous years.
Overpopulation Challenges and Government Initiatives
Egypt, being the most populous country in the Middle East and North Africa with 106 million people, faces unique challenges associated with overpopulation. President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi has repeatedly highlighted overpopulation as a major contributor to the country’s poverty levels. To address this issue, the government has initiated public awareness campaigns highlighting the dangers of overpopulation.
These efforts have seemingly influenced married couples to opt for smaller family sizes, as reflected in the decline of the birth rate from 3.5 children per woman in 2014 to 2.8 in 2021. Rising divorce rates, exacerbated by economic strains, also played a significant role in the decline of the birth rate, according to the ministry’s report.
Economic Overhaul and Household Budgets
Additionally, the government’s economic overhaul, which includes reducing subsidies for essential goods and services, has added to the financial anxieties of families regarding child-rearing. Policies such as reducing the number of dependents eligible for state ration cards and limiting the quantities of subsidized goods have further impacted household budgets.
Egypt’s economic landscape has been characterized by record-high inflation and rising external debt, prompting questions about the allocation of financing deals worth $50 billion. While touted as a potential lifeline for the country, concerns linger about whether these funds will truly benefit the populace or primarily serve the interests of the ruling class.
As Egypt navigates these socio-economic challenges, the decline in birth rates underscores the interconnectedness of economic policies, social dynamics, and demographic trends. The government’s response to these challenges will be crucial in shaping the country’s future trajectory and ensuring the well-being of its citizens.
